Talmud sobre Pirkei Avot 1:6

יְהוֹשֻׁעַ בֶּן פְּרַחְיָה וְנִתַּאי הָאַרְבֵּלִי קִבְּלוּ מֵהֶם. יְהוֹשֻׁעַ בֶּן פְּרַחְיָה אוֹמֵר, עֲשֵׂה לְךָ רַב, וּקְנֵה לְךָ חָבֵר, וֶהֱוֵי דָן אֶת כָּל הָאָדָם לְכַף זְכוּת:

Yehoshuah ben Prachya y Nitai Ha'arbeli lo recibieron de ellos. Yehoshua ben Prachya dice: Haz un maestro para ti. [Rambam explica: Incluso si no es apto para ser tu maestro, conviértelo en tu maestro y no aprendas solo. Y he escuchado: "Haz un maestro para ti" del que aprendes constantemente, y no aprendas hoy de uno y mañana de otro. Y a pesar de que dijeron (Avodah Zarah 19a): "Si uno aprende la Torá de un solo maestro, nunca ve una señal de bendición", ya han explicado: Eso es cierto de svara (agudizando la dialéctica después de que la "sustancia" tiene adquirido), siendo beneficioso para uno escuchar el svara de muchos; pero en gemara (adquirir la "sustancia" en sí misma), es preferible un maestro, para evitar diferencias en las formulaciones de la misma (aprendizajes orales)], y adquirir un amigo para usted, [incluso si es muy costoso para usted hacerlo , y debes gastar mucho para adquirir su amor. Pero no se puede decir "Adquiere un maestro para ti", un maestro está obligado a enseñar gratis], y juzga a cada hombre en la balanza del mérito. [Esto es así cuando el acto está en la balanza, no es discernible de sus acciones si es justo o malvado y realiza una acción que le permite juzgarlo en la balanza del mérito o en la culpa; es la forma de amar la bondad juzgarlo en la balanza del mérito. Pero si uno es confirmado en el mal, se le permite juzgarlo en la balanza de la culpa, habiendo declarado solamente (Shabbath 97a): "Si uno sospecha del inocente, está herido en su cuerpo", lo que implica que si sospecha del malvado él no está enamorado]

Avot D'Rabbi Natan

(Another interpretation:) Why did Israel weep for Aaron for thirty days? [(Both women and men.)] Because he always judged fairly. How do we know this? For he never said to a man or woman: You have disgraced yourself. That is why it says that the entire House of Israel wept for him. But with Moses, who would chastise them with harsh words, it merely says (Deuteronomy 34:8), “The children of Israel wept for Moses.” And also, how many thousands in Israel were named after Aaron! Because if not for Aaron, they would never have come into the world. For he would bring peace between husband and wife, and then they would come back together, and would name their first child after him. But there are those who say that the reason the entire House of Israel wept for him for thirty days is because anyone who saw Moses our teacher sitting and weeping, how could they not weep? (And some say:) Anyone who saw Elazar and Pinchas, the two high priests, standing and crying, how could they not weep?

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Avot D'Rabbi Natan

Rabbi Hanina ben Dosa would say: Anyone whose fear of sin precedes his wisdom, his wisdom will endure, as it says (Psalms 111:10), “The beginning of wisdom is fear of the Eternal.” He would also say: Anyone whose actions are greater [than his wisdom, his wisdom will endure], as it says (Exodus 24:7), “We will do, and then we will understand.”
They asked Rabban Yohanan ben Zakkai: A wise person who fears sin – what is he like? He replied: Like a craftsman with his tool in hand. Then they asked: A wise person who does not fear sin – what is he like? He replied: Like a craftsman who does not have his tool in hand. Then they asked: A person who fears sin but is not wise – what is he like? He replied: Like someone who does not know the craft, but has a tool in his hand.
Rabbi Elazar ben Azariah would say: If there is no Torah, there is no common decency. [If there is no common decency, there is no Torah.] He would also say: A person who has done good deeds, and has learned a lot of Torah – what is he like? Like a tree that stands near the water, whose branches are small, but whose roots are so strong that even if the four winds of the world all came and blew at it, it could not be moved from its place, as it says (Psalms 1:3), “He is like a tree planted by (streams of) water.” But a person who has not done good deeds and studies Torah, what is he like? Like a tree that stands in the desert, with small branches and small roots, and when a wind comes and blows at it, it uproots it and flips it over on its top, as it says (Jeremiah 17:6), “You will be like a bush in the desert.”
Rabban Gamliel would say: Make for yourself a teacher. Acquire for yourself a friend. A teacher for wisdom and a friend to study with. Remove yourself from all doubts, and do not get used to tithing by estimation.

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